Antimicrobial effect of chlorhexidine digluconate in dentin: In vitro and in situ study

Abstract

Aim:The aim of this study was to evaluate a very short-term in vitro and in situ effect of 2% chlorhexidine-digluconate-based (CHX) cavity cleanser on the disinfection of dentin demineralized by cariogenic bacteria.Materials and Methods:Human dentin slabs were randomly allocated and used in 2 distinct phases, in vitro and in situ, for obtaining demineralized dentin. In vitro, the slabs (n=15) were immersed for 5 days in BHI broth inoculated with Streptococcus mutans CTT 3440. In situ, a double-blind design was conducted in one phase of 14 days, during which 20 volunteers wore palatal devices containing two human dental dentin slabs. On 5th day in vitro and 14th day in situ, the slabs were allocated to the two groups: Control group (5 μl of 0.9% NaCl solution) and CHX group (5 μl of 2% chlorhexidine digluconate solution, Cavity Cleanser™ BISCO, Schaumburg, IL, EUA), for 5 minutes. The microbiological analyses were performed immediately before and after the treatments.Results:The log reductions means found for CHX treatment on tested micro organisms were higher when compared to Control group either in vitro or in situ conditions.Conclusions:Our results showed that CHX was effective in reducing the cultivable microbiota in contaminated dentin. Furthermore, although the use of chlorhexidine-digluconate-based cavity disinfectant did not completely eliminate the viable microorganisms, it served as a suitable agent to disinfect tooth preparations.