Abstract
This study aimed at investigating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profile of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus). The bacteria were isolated from wild-caught and farmed Japanese horse mackerel (Trachurus japonicus), and examined for the antimicrobial drug resistance. Furthermore, the serotype, and the genes of thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and cholera toxin transcriptional activator (toxR) of the isolates were investigated by using a serotype testing kit and PCR method. Eighty-eight and 126 V. parahaemolyticus strains were isolated from wild-caught and farmed Japanese horse mackerel, respectively. Ten and 18 distinct serotypes were detected from wild-caught and farmed Japanese horse mackerel. All strains were negative for tdh genes but positive for toxR genes. Resistances to ampicillin (ABP) and to both ABP and fosfomycin (FOM) were observed in 54 and 23 strains from the wild-caught fish, while those resistant strains from farm fish were 112 and 7 strains. Multidrug-resistance to three or four drugs including ABP was observed in one or two strains from the wild-caught fish.These results strongly suggest that the environmental exposure of antimicrobial drugs results in the spread of resistant genes in Japanese horse mackerel. This study highlights the need for monitoring the spread of resistance genes to the human intestinal flora as well as to other bacteria in the environment.
Highlights
IntroductionMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycinresistant Enterococcus and multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa have become serious health problems as causative agents of medical-related infections in Japan
We focus on the drug resistance of V. parahaemolyticus as a causative agent of food poisoning that has been linked to seafoods
3.1 Isolation of V. parahaemolyticus A total of 88 and 126 V. parahaemolyticus strains were isolated from the wild-caught and farmed Japanese horse mackerel, respectively (Table 1)
Summary
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycinresistant Enterococcus and multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa have become serious health problems as causative agents of medical-related infections in Japan. Japanese government established the “National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)” in 2016 to continuously monitor the consumption of antimicrobial agents and drugresistance development and to precisely identify various indicators of drug resistance in order to monitor emerging trends[1]). Food Safety Commission of Japan (FSCJ) established its action plan to implement until 2020 to promote and improve food safety risk assessment in relation to drug resistant bacteria. A systematic surveillance and monitoring system of drug resistant bacteria, for the influence of drug resistant bacteria on human health through intake of seafoods, has not been established in the fisheries field[1]). The accumulation of scientific knowledge and information are necessary for such assessments
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