Antimicrobial, antioxidant, mechanistic, docking simulation, and electrochemical studies for grafting polymerization of novel sulphonated gelatin derived from chicken feet

Abstract

In this elucidation, alternative collagen sources were investigated. Chicken foot waste is one of the alternate sources due to its high collagen protein concentration. Herein, high-quality collagen was produced from chicken foot by-products from natural sources. NaOH and acetic acid were used in the extraction procedure, and the extracted collagen was hydrolyzed to form gelatin with a yield of 10%. Furthermore, we study the effect of gelatin on the olefinic benzene-sulfonamide interactions through graft polymerization. Firstly, the nucleophilic substitution reaction of the benzenesulfonyl chloride derivative with aminoacetophenone in pyridine affords the corresponding (E)-N-(4-(3-(4-bromophenyl) acryloyl) phenyl)-4-methyl benzene sulfonamide (4) (Br-PS) in excellent yield. Furthermore, the graft polymerization of Br-PS via free radical polymerization onto the skeleton of gelatin gave the corresponding poly (E)-N-(4-(3-(4-bromophenyl) acryloyl) phenyl)-4-methyl benzene sulfonamide-grafted gelatin [poly (Br-PS)-g-Gelatin] in good yield. The obtained compounds were elucidated using spectral analysis such as FT-IR, 1HR, SEM, and TGA and displayed diverse interactions because of the presence of various NH, CO, OH, and CH = functional groups, which can make different hydrogen bond interactions. We confirmed these proposed structures through the DFT/B3LYP/6–31(G) premise set and showed different descriptors for them. Moreover, the new synthesized Poly (Br-PS)-g-Gelatin has good electrochemical properties. However, cyclic voltammetry gives a well-known hysteresis-type loop, which is significant for a supercapacitor. Furthermore, the synthesized polymer was stable electrochemically at different scan rates, and there was no damage to the composition electrode surface. Additionally, (Br-PS), Gelatin, and poly (Br-PS)-g-Gelatin exhibited antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, which was affirmed by molecular docking simulations with diverse proteins.