Abstract
BackgroundRecently, actinomycetes have attracted the attention of researchers worldwide. They can produce secondary metabolites with antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antitumoral properties.ResultsStreptomyces sp. MER4 (accession no. KM099241) was isolated from the pyramid region, Giza, Egypt. This strain was previously mentioned for its ability to produce antidermatophytic bioactive metabolites. Scale-up fermentation and fractionation of the extract has been established using different solvents. The ethanol fraction exhibited a considerable antidermatophytic effect (19.8, 21.2, and 20.3 mm for Trichophyton mentagrophyes, Microsporum canis, and Microsporum gypseum, respectively), antimicrobial (10, 8, 7, 9, and 9 mm for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Bacillus subtilis, and Aspergillus niger, respectively), and cytotoxic activity (inhibition of 78.48%). Further purification of the ethanol fraction was done, and one promising compound was produced. This compound was intensely characterized and elucidated by studying its spectral date including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LC/MS). The produced compound was identified as JBIR-58 (salicylamide) derivative compound.ConclusionsStreptomyces sp. MER4 has been identified genetically and screened for its ability to produce bioactive compound with antibacterial antitumor and antidermatophytic agent. The scale-up fermentation, purification, and structure elucidation led to pure compound named salicylamide derivatives JBIR-58 from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces sp. MER4.
Highlights
Actinomycetes have been known as a group of the major soil population
Streptomyces griseus and Streptomyces coelicolor are used for industrial production of Streptomycin and novel antibiotics such as dihydrogranticin respectively
The most antibiotics developed for human pharmaceutical use represents about 50% of all known antibiotics and are mainly come from actinomycete metabolites especially from Streptomyces spp. (Goodfellow & Williams, 1983, Hopwood 2007)
Summary
Actinomycetes have been known as a group of the major soil population. They are widespread in nature and found in dry than wet soil (Wellington et al 1992). Actinomycetes are good producers of wide diversity of structurally unique bioactive secondary metabolites with various biological activities including therapeutically and agriculturally important compounds (Tanaka and Omura 1993). They can produce a group of secondary. Streptomycetes produced Doxorubicin as anticancer agents (Mukhtar et al 2012) and the immunomodulatory agents Rapamycin Another metabolite of Streptomycetes known as the “Geosmin” and sidrophore are responsible for the earthy odor (Sanglier et al 1993). Actinomycetes have attracted the attention of researchers worldwide They can produce secondary metabolites with antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antitumoral properties
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