Abstract
Most of the species of Buddleja have found applications in folk medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic potentials of B. polystachya extracts. Four extracts were prepared A-D (dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and aqueous extracts, respectively). The antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the broth micro-dilution assay for minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). The crystal violet staining method (CVS) was used for the evaluation of the cytotoxic activity on HepG-2, MCF-7 and HCT-116 human cell lines. Results showed that the highest antimicrobial activity was given by the ethyl acetate extract followed by the dichloromethane extract, while the n-butanol revealed moderate activity against gram positive bacteria only with no activity against the rest of tested microorganisms. The aqueous extract was totally ineffective against all tested microorganisms at 20 mg/ml. Among the four extracts tested, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate extracts showed the highest cytotoxic activity on all three human cell lines.
Highlights
Cancer continues to represent the largest cause of mortality in the world and claims over 6 million lives each year
The antimicrobial activity of the studied extracts was evaluated by determining zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values against three gram-positive, six gram-negative and four fungi (Table I and II)
The highest antimicrobial activity was shown by the ethyl acetate extract (15.3-20.3 mm diameter of zone of inhibition), followed by the dichloromethane extract (11.4-19.3 mm diameter of zone of inhibition), while the n-butanol extract revealed moderate to low activity against gram-positive bacteria only with no activity against the rest of tested microorganisms
Summary
Cancer continues to represent the largest cause of mortality in the world and claims over 6 million lives each year. An extremely promising strategy for cancer prevention today is chemoprevention, which is defined as the use of synthetic or natural agents (alone or in combination) to block the development of cancer in human beings. Vegetables, herbs and spices that were used in folk and traditional medicine, have been accepted currently as one of the main sources of cancer chemopreventive drug discovery (Sarkar and Mandal, 2011). With the increase of bacterial resistance to antibiotics, there is considerable interest to investigate the antimicrobial effects of different extracts against a range of bacteria, to develop other classes of natural antimicrobials useful for the infection control (Bakri and Douglas, 2005). It was deemed of interest to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic potentials of B. polystachya organic extracts taking in consideration that most of the species of Buddleja have found several applications in folk medicine (Houghton, 1984) and that there is no previous report on the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of B. polystachya
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