Abstract
Surgical infections are unique among infectious disease processes in that they require not only appropriately administered antimicrobial therapy but also meticulous and timely surgical care to achieve optimal outcome. To lessen the incidence of postoperative surgical site infection, the surgeon must adhere to a number of well-established surgical principles. These include careful atraumatic handling of the tissues, minimizing blood loss and achieving complete hemostasis, avoiding tissue ischemia/necrosis, and restricting the use of foreign body material in the wound. For established infection, the primary goals of surgical intervention involve drainage of infected exudate, debridement of necrotic tissue, management of the underlying pathological process, and application of techniques designed to prevent recurrent or persistent infection. When these principles are applied in combination with appropriate prophylactic or therapeutic antimicrobial agents, the probability of preventing infection in the former setting and successfully treating infection in the latter is significantly improved.
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