Abstract
Background and aims. Because of compromised angulations of implants, the abutments are sometimes prepared. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of removing one wall of the implant abutment on the retention of cement-retained crowns.Materials and methods. Four prefabricated abutments were attached to analogues and embedded in acrylic resin blocks. The first abutment was left intact. Axial walls were partially removed from the remaining abutments to produce abutments with three walls. The screw access channel for the first and second abutments were completely filled with composite resin. For the third and fourth abutments, only partial filling was done. Wax-up models were made by CAD/CAM. Ten cast copings were fabricated for each abutment. The copings of fourth abutment had an extension into the screw access channel. Copings were cemented with Temp Bond. The castings were removed from the abutment using an Instron machine, and the peak removal force was recorded. A one-way ANOVA was used to test for a significant difference followed by the pairwise comparisons.Results. The abutments with opened screw access channel had a significantly higher retention than the two other abutments. The abutment with removed wall and no engagement into the hole by the castings exhibited the highest retention.Conclusion. Preserving the opening of screw access channel significantly increases the retention where one of the axial walls of implant abutments for cement-retained restorations is removed during preparation.
Highlights
Microorganisms are the main etiologic agents for development of pulp and periapical diseases.[1]
This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of Tetraacetylethylenediamine-sodium perborate (TAED-SP) in comparison to 2.5% and 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) against Enterococcus faecalis
TAED-SP and 5% NaOCl have similar antibacterial activity against E. faecalis; TAED-SP has a greater antibacterial effect compared to 2.5% NaOCl
Summary
Microorganisms are the main etiologic agents for development of pulp and periapical diseases.[1]. Different irrigants with antimicrobial activities are available in order to improve and complement mechanical debridement of the root canal system.[4,5,6] An ideal endodontic irrigating solution should be a highly effective disinfectant, offer antibacterial substantivity, able to dissolve pulp tissue and inactivate endotoxins, be nonantigenic, nontoxic, and noncarcinogenic , have no adverse effects on dentin, be convenient to apply, and cause no tooth discoloration.[7,8,9] At present, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is the most commonly used root canal irrigant It has adequate tissue solubility and antimicrobial effect.[10] it has unfavorable taste and odor, and its toxic and caustic effects on vital tissues resulting in hemolysis, and necrosis are still a matter of concern.[11] NaOCl has been shown to deplete dentin of organic compounds and to increase the permeability of dentin significantly.[12] It does not effectively wet dentin, and small canals and canal extensions are poorly irrigated.[13] Sodium hypochlorite has detrimental corrosive effect on metals and some preparation instruments.[14] Considering the adverse effects of NaOCl, an antibacterial agent with similar antibacterial activity but without adverse effects of NaOCl may be appropriate to substitute NaOCl.[15] Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is a material produced by acetylating the ethylenediamine.
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