Abstract

Simple SummaryPyoderma is one of the most common diseases in dogs, and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, a Gram-positive coagulase-positive bacterium, represents the most common infectious agent causing canine pyoderma. Since multidrug-resistant S. pseudintermedius strains have become a relevant threat in veterinary medicine, this study aimed to test the antimicrobial properties of some essential oils (EOs) against S. pseudintermedius strains isolated from dogs suffering from pyoderma. The obtained findings demonstrated a clear in vitro efficacy of some tested EOs against clinical methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensible S. pseudintermedius strains. The applicability and efficacy of EOs in cases of canine pyoderma supported by S. pseudintermedius could be beneficial for both dogs and pet owners, who are inevitably exposed to this zoonotic bacterium.This study aimed to test in vitro the antimicrobial activity of 11 essential oils (EOs) against four methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) and four methicillin-susceptible S. pseudintermedius (MSSP) clinical isolates. The obtained findings demonstrated a clear in vitro efficacy of some tested EOs against both MRSP and MSSP strains. Particularly, modal minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 1:2048 v/v for Melissa officinalis against an MSSP strain to 1:256 v/v for Cymbopogon citratus against all MRSP strains were observed. The best results, highlighting a modal MIC value of 1:1024 v/v for all tested isolates, was provided by Cinnamomum zeylanicum. Intriguingly, Cinnamomum zeylanicum showed, in many cases, a correspondence between minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and MIC values, indicating that the inhibiting dose is also often bactericidal. Moreover, a mild antibacterial and bactericidal activity against both MRSP and MSSP isolates was detected for the other tested EOs. Considering the zoonotic potential of S. pseudintermedius and the increased dissemination of multidrug-resistant strains, the employment of EOs could be useful for the treatment of canine pyoderma. Since antibiotic resistance has become the most urgent issue, from the perspective of the One Health initiative, alternative therapeutic approaches are desirable to limit the use of antibiotics or to improve the efficacy of conventional therapies.

Highlights

  • In recent years, alternative treatments, including essential oils (EOs), have become very popular as natural remedies in human and veterinary medicine

  • It is known that Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is the staphylococcal species most frequently isolated from dogs suffering from pyoderma

  • Cinnamomum zeylanicum EO provided the best results against both methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MSSP), showing almost always a concordance in minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values

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Summary

Introduction

Alternative treatments, including essential oils (EOs), have become very popular as natural remedies in human and veterinary medicine. The establishment of new approaches to conventional therapies, using selected EOs, for the treatment of canine skin disorders was the objective of this study. Skin disorders are very common in pet animals, and the most frequent causes are allergies from parasites such as fleas, environmental allergies, and adverse food reactions. It is known that Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is the staphylococcal species most frequently isolated from dogs suffering from pyoderma. This coagulase-positive bacterium is an opportunistic canine skin pathogen that inhabits healthy dogs, and its nasal carriage was demonstrated in healthy pet-owning household members [2]

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