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Abstract
Isoniazid, the choice antitubercular agent, has only been employed against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This study evaluated if the enzyme-mimetic activities of magnetic nanoparticles could accelerate the activation process of isoniazid against mycobacterial and, more importantly, non-mycobacterial microorganisms. First, magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized and coated by lipoamino acid; then, isoniazid was conjugated to synthesized nanoparticles. Antibacterial activities of nanoconjugated isoniazid were evaluated against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and four Gram-positive and Gram-negative nonmycobacterial strains through a microdilution broth process. Results showed that the required amount of isoniazid against Mycobacterium tuberculosis would decrease to 44.8% and 16.7% in conjugation with naked and surface-modified magnetic nanoparticles, respectively. Also, 32 μg/mL and 38 μg/mL of isoniazid in conjugation with naked and surface-modified nanoparticles, respectively, could prevent the growth of Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Hence, the vicinity of magnetic nanoparticles with isoniazid could declare promising aspects of isoniazid antibacterial capabilities.
Highlights
Despite years of investigations, tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is still responsible for more than 4300 deaths every day, worldwide
Antibacterial activities of INH against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC29212, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29737, Escherichia coli ATCC15224, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC9027 were evaluated by microdilution broth techniques and compared to its magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) conjugates following the method of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute [12, 13]
Minimum concentrations of pure INH, INH@MNP, and INH@Surface-Modified MNPs (smMNPs) for preventing more than 90% M.T. growth was measured as 1.26 μg/mL, 62.52 μg/mL, and 32.21 μg/mL, respectively
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is still responsible for more than 4300 deaths every day, worldwide. In significant cases, MTB has managed to develop resistance against it. The question is—granting that the proper enzymatic situation is Journal of Nanomaterials provided—could activated INH reveal antibacterial activity against nonmycobacterial microorganisms?. The combination of antibiotics with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) reported promising perspectives for controlling drug-resistant infections [5, 6]. The antibacterial activities of this nanocomplex against four gram-positive and negative pathogenic bacterial strains, including Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were evaluated. Their activity against MTB was compared with free INH
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