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Abstract
Introduction: Medicinal plants are plentiful of bioactive molecules effective against multi-resistance bacteria. The aims of this study were to assess the in vitro antimicrobial activities of essential oils extracted from three Moroccan aromatic plants.
 Methodology: Analysis of essential oils of Origanum compactum, Rosmarinus officinalis and Pelargonium asperum, collected from different localities in Morocco, were performed using a GC-MS spectrophotometry. Antibacterial activity was evaluated in vitro for five clinical multi-resistant isolates.
 Results: Origanum showed strong antibacterial activity against tested strains except Pseudomonas aeruginosa while Rosmarinum showed a bactericidal effect against Acinetobacter baumanii, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Pelargonium presented only slight growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus on solid medium, but provided bactericidal effect against Acinetobacter baumanii and Staphylococcus aureus. Interestingly, fractions F7 and F8 of Pelargonium which represented only 0.3% and 0.1% of the total mass were found bactericidal respectively against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
 Conclusions: Ours results showed that the antimicrobial activities were variables depending on the chemical composition of essential oils, the fraction used and the microorganism tested.Essential oils fractionation allows detection of bioactive substances, especially those owning antimicrobial activity, present in small quantities.
Highlights
Medicinal plants possess plentiful of bioactive molecules effective against multi-resistance bacteria
Origanum showed strong antibacterial activity against tested strains except Pseudomonas aeruginosa while Rosmarinum showed a bactericidal effect against Acinetobacter baumanii, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
Ours results showed that the antimicrobial activities were variables depending on the chemical composition of essential oils, the fraction used and the microorganism tested
Summary
Medicinal plants possess plentiful of bioactive molecules effective against multi-resistance bacteria. The aim of this study is to assess the in vitro antimicrobial activities of essential oils extracted from three Moroccan aromatic plants. The overuse of antibiotics to treat infectious diseases resulted in the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) bacteria. This increased phenomenon is currently considered as a major threat to global public health. This has prompted the World Health Organization (WHO) to direct research into new alternatives and especially to plants that have always constituted a source of ongoing bioactive molecules and current inspiration for new medicines. Numerous studies have been reported the in vitro antimicrobial activities of certain chemical compounds of various plant extracts [2]. The capacity of certain essential oils to neutralize germs is irrefutable [3]
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