Abstract
Introduction: A successful endodontic treatment depends upon complete debridement of microflora from the root canal system. However, due to complex root canal configuration, complete debridement through mechanical instrumentation alone cannot remove entire bacterial load. So the aim is in vitro evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of biological extracts against Enterococcus faecalis MTCC-439 strain when used as intracanal medicaments. The medicaments used were Nissin, an antibiotic peptide; neem known for its antiseptic properties; platelet rich plasma (PRP) known for its regenerative properties and propolis, a resin extract derived from bees. Materials and Methods: Sixty single rooted lower premolar teeth which were extracted for orthodontic purpose were collected. Tooth specimens were sectioned at cement-enamel junction with a diamond saw to obtain a standard root length. The root canals of the specimen were instrumented with K3 rotary files followed by inoculation of E. faecalis strains and sealed with dental wax. The specimens were then kept in incubator for 21 days at 37°C and after that randomly divided into six treatment groups: Group I, 5 μL Normal saline; Group II, 5 μL Nisin (Vasta Biotech, Chennai); Group III, 5 μL propolis; Group IV, 5 μL neem; Group V, 5 μL PRP; Group VI, 5 μL Calcium hydroxide. Roots were then incubated for 7 days at 37°C. On 8th day, to evaluate the degree of infection, dentin chips from root canal of specimens were extracted with a sterile 6% K3 rotary file. Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney U-test were applied for difference in colony forming units (CFUs) count for different medicaments. Results: In present in vitro study, Nisin showed no CFU while neem and propolis showed significantly less growth as compared to PRP and calcium hydroxide against E. faecalis. Conclusions: Nisin outreach propolis and neem in eliminating the E. faecalis when used as intracanal medicaments.
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