Abstract
Edible films, as novel degradable materials in food packaging, play an important role in removing consumers' concerns about environmental pollution and food contaminations. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)–gelatin (G) edible films with the ratio 4 to 1 was selected as the optimal film based on physical, mechanical, and physicochemical findings. Then, the effects of 0, 300, 450, and 600 ppm Dianthus barbatus essential oil (DbE) on water vapor permeability, tensile strength, elongation at break, water solubility, glass transition temperature, color, oxygen permeability, and antimicrobial activities on the optimal film were investigated. CMC: G (4:1) containing 600 ppm DbE as the antibacterial–antioxidant film was the best formulae (p < .05) for preventing three types of aflatoxin‐producing mold including A. flavus (PTCC‐5004), A. parasiticus (PTCC‐5286), and A. parasiticus (PTCC‐5018) on pistachios for 6 months.
Highlights
Edible films are thin layers that are used on the foodstuffs and play a key role in the distribution, marketing, and protection of food products against mechanical damage and microbial and chemical activity
DCoated pistachios with edible films formulated with Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and gelatin in the ratio 4 to 1 containing different concentrations of Dianthus barbatus essential oil (DbE): P2, P3, and P4
F5 (CMC: G (5:0)) had the highest transparency and lowest Water solubility (WS) because of having the lowest level of G compared with the other formulae (p < .05), which is due to the nature of the yellowish color of G as described by Ramos et al (2012)
Summary
CMC (with an average molecular weight ≅ 50,000) and G (type B, bovine bone, with a bloom value of ~ 300 g) were obtained from Nippon Paper Chemicals Co. (Tokyo, Japan) and Sigma-Aldrich Co. Sunflower oil and DbE were purchased from Behshahr Industrial Co. (Tehran, Iran) and Institute of Medicinal Plants (Karaj, Iran), respectively. Pistachios (Pistacia vera L. belongs to the Anacardiacea family) and multilayer flexible polystyrene plastics were purchased from a local market (Tehran, Iran). A. flavus (PTCC-5004), A. parasiticus (PTCC-5286), and A. parasiticus (PTCC5018) were obtained from the culture collection at the Iran Institute of Industrial and Scientific Research. TA B L E 1 CMC, gelatin (%), and DbE (ppm) contents used in the formulation of edible films and pistachios uncoated and coated. AEdible films formulated with varying levels of CMC and gelatin: F1–F5. BEdible films formulated with CMC and gelatin in the ratio 4 to 1 containing different concentrations of DbE: F6–F9. DCoated pistachios with edible films formulated with CMC and gelatin in the ratio 4 to 1 containing different concentrations of DbE: P2, P3, and P4. Serum, and potato dextrose agar (PDA) from Merck Co. (Darmstadt, Germany) were used
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
