Abstract
Antimicrobial activity of Cannabis sativa extracts on Lancefield Group A Streptococcus species associated with streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat)
Highlights
Pharyngitis/tonsillitis is an inflammation of the posterior pharynx and tonsils, caused by a variety of microorganisms mainly viruses and bacteria (Anjos et al, 2014)
The methanol extracts of the leaves and seeds of Cannabis sativa were screened for their antibacterial activity against Group A Streptococcus sp isolated from clinical patients diagnosed with strep throat
Phytochemical analysis of the bioactive components of Cannabis shows the presence of these compounds which may be responsible for the antimicrobial activity of the extracts and may be responsible for the aroma, addictive and hallucinogenic nature of the plant
Summary
Pharyngitis/tonsillitis is an inflammation of the posterior pharynx and tonsils, caused by a variety of microorganisms mainly viruses and bacteria (Anjos et al, 2014). Streptococcus pyogenes, a Lancefield Group A -hemolytic streptococci is one of the most implicated aetiological agent in this disease condition (Ralph and Anumudu et al / Afr.J.Bio.Sc. 2(2) (2020) 9-15. Pharyngitis is characterized mainly by sore throat and fever with most cases of pharyngitis resolving without any medical treatment/intervention. In few cases, the infection can become invasive, resulting in complications including rheumatic fever (RF), autoimmune post-streptococcal sequelae and glomerulonephritis (Ralph and Carapetis, 2013; and Wessels, 2011) which can have more debilitating effects. Because of the possibility of a benign streptococci infection to progress to more invasive forms as highlighted above, pharyngitis infections caused by drug-resistant strains of Streptococcus sp. There is an increase in the occurrence of multi-drug resistant Streptococcus sp. There is an increase in the occurrence of multi-drug resistant Streptococcus sp. in clinical cases, underpinning the need for close monitoring and the introduction of alternative approaches for the treatment and management of pharyngitis cases (Chen et al, 2011)
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