Abstract
ABSTRACT: The plant, Amburana cearensis A. C. Smith (Fabaceae), commonly called cumaru, is widespread in the Caatinga cearense, a less known ecosystem in Brazil. A. cearensis is rich in several compounds like protocatechuic acid, tannins, coumarin, flavonoids and phenolic heterosides, such as amburosides A and B, that have been isolated. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial potential and draw the chemical profile of the distinct characteristics of A. cearensis stem bark decoction, for its possible potential as a food conservation agent. The chemical compounds were characterized by one- and two-dimensional 1H and 13C NMR analyses and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LCMS). The compounds of coumarin, amburosides A and B, and glycosylated (Z)-o-coumaric acid. Using the plaque microdilution technique, the antimicrobial action was tested on Escherichia coli, Salmonella Enteritidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes. The decoction demonstrated antimicrobial activity on Gram-positive bacteria. This was encouraging because natural antimicrobials are beneficial for food production, as they can inhibit the pathogenic microorganisms and boost the quality of hygiene and cleanliness.
Highlights
The Fabaceae family, which includes the tree Amburana cearensis A
Preparation of the stem bark decoction of a wild species of Amburana cearensis To make the A. cearensis stem bark aqueous extract, 100 g of plant material was decocted in 500 mL of distilled water for 15 min
Structural determination of compounds AC-1 and AC-2 The colorless crystals acquired from compound AC-1 were reported to be coumarin (Figure 1), which according to the literature was noted for its bronchodilatory, antinociceptive, antimalarial and antileishmania actions (CANUTO et al, 2014), justifying the use of cumaru treatment in disease treatment
Summary
The Fabaceae family, which includes the tree Amburana cearensis A. Torresea cearensis), habitually grows in the northeastern caatinga, in the state of Ceará, Brazil, commonly termed “cumaru”, “imburana” or “smelling imburana”. Famous for its stem bark, this tree finds extensive use in the preparation of “licks” in folk medicine, to effectively treat respiratoryrelated ailments like colds, bronchitis, flu and asthma. Seeds are often powdered and marketed as “imburana snuff”, to induce sneezing and it is popular for its powerful and distinct coumarin odor, akin to the fragrance of vanilla (ALMEIDA et al, 2010)
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