Abstract
Objective: The continuous emergence of multidrug resistance bacteria and yeast, and the negative impact of synthetic preservatives have led to an increased interest in the use of plant extracts as alternative antimicrobial agents. In the present investigation, the antimicrobial activity of successive solvent extracts of Albizia lebbeck and Solanum seaforthianum has been evaluated against human pathogenic bacteria and yeast.
 Methods: The disc diffusion method was employed for determination of the zone of inhibitions (ZOIs) and twofold broth dilution technique was employed for determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations, and minimal bactericidal/fungicidal concentrations.
 Results: Among the successive solvent extracts tested, methanol extracts of both A. lebbeck and S. seaforthianum showed highest antibacterial activity with ZOIs ranged between 10.0 and 20.4 mm at 1 mg/disc followed by ethanol (ZOIs 8.1–17.6 mm). The petroleum ether, toluene, and chloroform extracts showed the least activity. The highest activity was observed against Streptococcus faecalis, whereas the least activity was observed against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
 Conclusion: The broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity of methanol extract of A. lebbeck and S. seaforthianum could be explored as antimicrobial agents for the management of pathogenic bacteria and yeast.
Highlights
Infectious diseases caused by many pathogenic bacteria and yeast are a major problem despite the tremendous achievement in human health care
Considering these, the present investigation was undertaken and evaluates the antimicrobial activity of Albizia lebbeck belongs to the family Leguminosae and Solanum seaforthianum belongs to the family Solanaceae
Preparation of successive solvent extracts from selected plants The plants, namely, A. lebbeck and S. seaforthianum showed promising antimicrobial activity in the aqueous extract were subjected to successive solvent extraction following the procedure of Ayoub and Hamid [14]. 50 g of shade-dried and finely powdered of each plant material was filled in the thimble and extracted successively with 200 ml of petroleum ether, toluene, chloroform, methanol and ethanol using a Soxhlet extractor to colorless extract obtained at the top of the extractor
Summary
Infectious diseases caused by many pathogenic bacteria and yeast are a major problem despite the tremendous achievement in human health care. According to the WHO statement, infectious diseases are the world’s leading cause of premature death, and approximately 17 million people die from infectious diseases annually [1]. Medicinal plants are the richest bioresource of drugs of traditional medicines as well as modern medicines, and they have provided many pharmaceutical intermediates and chemical entities for discovery and development of novel drugs [9,10]. They possess great potential in the field of biomedicine as they effectively destroy several bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens [11,12]. Considering these, the present investigation was undertaken and evaluates the antimicrobial activity of Albizia lebbeck belongs to the family Leguminosae and Solanum seaforthianum belongs to the family Solanaceae
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