Antimicrobial Activities of Plant Extracts against Solanum tuberosum L. Phytopathogens

Aleksandra Steglińska,Paweł Wawrzyniak,Krzysztof Śmigielski,Anastasiia Bekhter,Alina Kunicka-Styczyńska,Beata Gutarowska,Konrad Jastrząbek,Michał Fidler

doi:10.3390/molecules27051579

Aleksandra Steglińska, Paweł Wawrzyniak + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27051579

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Journal: Molecules	Publication Date: Feb 27, 2022
Citations: 12	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Lodz University of Technology

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to select an environmentally friendly plant biopesticide to protect seed potatoes against phytopathogens. The scope included the evaluation of the antimicrobial activities of 22 plant water extracts, 22 water-glycol extracts, and 3 subcritical carbon dioxide extracts using the agar diffusion method against 10 potato phytopathogens. For the most effective extracts, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), chemical composition analysis by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and in situ assays on seed potatoes were performed. Garlic water extract was finally selected as the most effective in phytopathogen growth inhibition, both in vitro and in situ, with MIC values ranging between 6.3–25 mg/mL. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural was determined to be the main component of this extract (33.24%). Garlic water extract was proposed as a potential biopesticide against potato phytopathogens.

Highlights

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the third-most consumed food plant in the world, following wheat and rice
The zones of phytopathogen growth inhibition Molecules 2022, 27, x FOR PEER REVIErWanged from 1.0 ± 0.0 mm up to 57.6 ± 04.6omf 2m0
Garlic and clove water plant extracts (WE) have demonstrated the broadest spectrum of antimicrobial activity, inhibiting the growth of all 10 tested phytopathogens

Summary

Introduction

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the third-most consumed food plant in the world, following wheat and rice. World potato production is growing constantly [1]. Poland is the seventh-largest producer in the world and the second-largest in Europe. The harvest in 2020 was estimated at 9 million tons, which is 40% more than the harvest in 2019, while the cultivation area was about 300,000 ha [2]. Crop pathogens (phytopathogens) reduce the quality and yield of agricultural production. They are responsible for huge economic losses and reduce food security nationally and globally. In the case of potatoes, yield losses are estimated at 17.2% worldwide [3]. Unfavourable climatic changes (heat and droughts) increase the sensitivity of crops to phytopathogen infestations [1]

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