Abstract
BackgroundNew broad spectrum antimicrobial agents are urgently needed to combat frequently emerging multi drug resistant pathogens. Actinomycetes, the most talented group of microorganisms isolated from unexplored regions of the world may be the ultimate solution to this problem. Thus the aim of this study was to isolate several bioactive actinomycetes strains capable of producing antimicrobial secondary metabolite from Sundarbans, the only mangrove tiger land of the world.ResultsFifty four actinomycetes were isolated and analyzed for antimicrobial activity against fifteen test organisms including three phytopathogens. Nine morphologically distinct and biologically active isolates were subjected to polyphasic identification study.16 s rDNA sequencing indicated eight isolates to reveal maximum similarity to the genus streptomyces, whereas one isolate presented only 93.57 % similarity with Streptomyces albogriseolus NRRL B-1305T. Seventy-one carbon sources and twenty-three chemical sources utilization assay revealed their metabolic relatedness. Among these nine isolates three specific strains were found to have notably higher degree of antimicrobial potential effective in a broader range including phyto-pathogenic fungus. Finally the strain SMS_SU21, which showed antimicrobial activity with MIC value of 0.05 mg ml−1 and antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 0.242 ± 0.33 mg ml−1 was detected to be the most potential one. True prospective of this strain was evaluated utilizing GC-MS and the bioactive compound responsible for antimicrobial activity was purified.ConclusionRare bioactive actinomycetes were isolated from unexplored heritage site. Antimicrobial compound has also been identified and purified which is active against a broad range of pathogens.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-015-0495-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
New broad spectrum antimicrobial agents are urgently needed to combat frequently emerging multi drug resistant pathogens
According to a mathematical modeling, only 3 % of all antibacterial agents synthesized by streptomycetes have been reported so far [14]. In concomitant with this information and emerging problem of multi drug resistance (MDR) and new phyto-pathogens, actinomycetes regained its position as the center of interest and isolation of actinomycetes from relatively unexplored region is again popularized [15, 16]
A total of 54 actinomycetes were isolated at different locations in Sundarbans, among which 25 (46.29 %) from Gadkhali, 23 (42.59 %) from Bonnie camp and 6 (11.11 %) from Kalash (Table 1)
Summary
New broad spectrum antimicrobial agents are urgently needed to combat frequently emerging multi drug resistant pathogens. According to a mathematical modeling, only 3 % of all antibacterial agents synthesized by streptomycetes have been reported so far [14] In concomitant with this information and emerging problem of multi drug resistance (MDR) and new phyto-pathogens, actinomycetes regained its position as the center of interest and isolation of actinomycetes from relatively unexplored region is again popularized [15, 16]. India with its enormous geographical diversity offers entirely unique environmental dynamics that support prospering of diverse group of microorganisms which include different kinds of actinomycetes Actinomycetes diversity and their biological activities are a prospective field of research in the Indian context as several new species of this phylum has been reported from this part of the world [20] and significant number of antibiotics patents were registered in recent years [21]
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