Abstract
The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antimicrobial action of sodium hypochlorite (0.25% and 0.50%) and 10% castor oil solutions against specific microorganisms, by counting Colony Forming Units (CFU) of clinically important bacteria and Candida species. Acrylic resin specimens (n = 320; Lucitone 550) were obtained from square metal matrices (10 x 10 x 2 mm), sterilized by microwave (650W, for 6 minutes) and contaminated by Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis and Candida glabrata. The specimens were immersed for 20 minutes in one of the following hygiene solutions (n = 10/each): A - 0.25% Sodium hypochlorite; B - 0.5% Sodium hypochlorite; C - 10% Castor oil solution; and D (Control) - saline. Adhered cells were suspended and inoculated into a selective solid medium (37ºC for 24 h). The Student's t-test (α = 0.05) was performed to compare log10(CFU+1)/mL between Groups C and D. The results showed that sodium hypochlorite (0.25% and 0.5%) completely eliminated all detectable microorganisms. The castor oil solution eliminated B. subtilis and reduced counts for other strains. Differences between C and D were significant (p < 0.05) for all species except for E. faecalis. Both sodium hypochlorite solutions (0.25% and 0.5%) were effective in eliminating all microorganisms evaluated, and may be useful as cleaning solutions for complete dentures. The castor oil solution provided moderate efficacy and performed differently on the tested species, with the strongest effect on B. subtilis and with non-significant action on E. faecalis.
Highlights
Despite the widely recommended act of brushing as an efficacious method to remove denture biofilm, this method depends mostly on manual ability, and may have limited efficacy in some cases.[1]
Average counts for Group C (10% castor oil solution) were significantly lower than those for Group D, regardless of the species (p < 0.05), except for E. faecalis, which was not reduced by castor oil
B. subtilis was undetectable in Group C (10% castor oil solution), similar to the result found for Groups A and B
Summary
Despite the widely recommended act of brushing as an efficacious method to remove denture biofilm, this method depends mostly on manual ability, and may have limited efficacy in some cases.[1]. Alkaline hypochlorite solutions have demonstrated favorable results for denture hygiene They act in the organic matrix of the biofilm, present fungicidal and bactericidal properties and can remove stains.[3,4] The recommendation to use diluted sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), such as household bleaching solutions, is common.[5,6] these solutions have bad taste,[6] but, most importantly, may damage denture materials, depending on the immersion time and concentration. The antimicrobial action of the solution must be evaluated when recommending this product for daily denture hygiene
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