Abstract
Aim: To investigate the different antileishmanial activities of extracts of Cassia Fistula L., Morus Nigra L. and Ziziphus Jujuba Mill.
 Methodology: In this method, three (03) plants having concentrations between 500 – 2000 µg/mL were subjected to KWH23 strains of L. tropica in which Standard drug was Amphotericin B and have negative control for 24 – 48 hours. To check the in-vivo studies, plant extract was tested on BALB/c mice (Iqbal et al., 2016).
 Results: It showed that inhibition (mean) of KWH23 strains at 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 µg/mL after 48 hours were 92.1 ± 0.02, 95.00 ± 0.05, 97.09 ± 0.07 and 98.05 ± 0.05 % respectively. It decreased the lesion size (mean) from 0.8 ± 0.1 mm to 0.40 ± 0.2 mm having significance value p < 0.01 after 8th week, and cure at 200 mg/Kg against intracellular amastigotes in BALB/c mice was 90.00% (95% Cl = 80.05 – 97.00).
 Conclusion: The result shows that Ziziphus jujuba Mill. leaves possess significant antileishmanial activity.
Highlights
Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease, which is prevalent all over the world
Amphotericin B, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), RPMI-1640 medium, penicillin, streptomycin, formic acid, Fetal bovine serum (FBS), and analytical grade methanol as solvent were purchased from Merck Pakistan
All extracts showed promising parasite inhibition against L. tropica that is 98.05 % inhibition at 2000 μg/mL exhibited by Ziziphus Jujuba Mill. and 24th h analysis of MNF and CFF shows 40.05 % and 42.22 % at 2000 μg/mL in contrast to the negative control
Summary
Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease, which is prevalent all over the world. It affects millions of people annually around the globe [1]. Natural entities exhibit safety and efficacy in terms of drug potential against infectious diseases [2]. Different parts of the plant, especially the fruits, leaves, and stem bark are used for thousands of years. In this plant, various pharmacological activities observed including antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, immunostimulating, hepatoprotective, antiobesity and antiulcer due to presence of flavonoids, phenolics, triterpenic acids etc [3]
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