Abstract
Objective: The object of the present study, the methanolic leaf extract of Zanthoxylum ovalifolium was examined for anti-inflammatory activity and tested using carrageenan-induced paw edema in albino Wistar rats.
 Materials and Methods: The rats were grouped into five, each group consisting of six animals, Group I (negative control) received 1 ml of saline, Group II (standard) received 10 mg/kg p. o. of indomethacin, and remaining three groups received three different doses (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg p. o.) of the methanolic leaf extract after 1 h 0.1 ml of 1% carrageenan injection. The result of anti-inflammatory activity was set up to be dose-dependent in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model.
 Results: The methanolic leaf extract has shown significant (p<0.001) inhibition of paw edema, 66%, 66.03%, and 69.29% on the 3rd h at the doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, p. o., respectively. The results were expressed as the Mean±standard error of mean and statistical significance was analyzed by ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test. The methanolic leaf of Z. ovalifolium extract showed significant anti-inflammatory activity compared with the standard drug indomethacin.
 Conclusion: Methanolic leaf extract of Z.ovalifolium showed excellent results in the anti-inflammatory experiment so, the plant can be explored as a potential medicine in suppressing inflammation.
Highlights
Medicinal plants play a very important role in human life
Acute toxicity studies The methanolic leaf extract of Z. ovalifolium did not show any sign of toxicity up to 5000 mg/kg body weight, and it was considered to be safe
Group 1 served as a control, Group 2 received 10 mg/kg p. o. of standard indomethacin, and Group 3 of experimental animals receive a dose of (100, 200, and 400 mg) of Z. ovalifolium extract
Summary
Medicinal plants play a very important role in human life. The use of herbal plants is prevalent and has used for medicinal purposes long before the prehistoric period. In India, it has been reported that 2500 plants and 100 species were supplied as a source of traditional medicine [1]. Medicinal plants were widely practiced in traditional system of medicine on many accounts. People are using numerous medicinal plants and its derived products to cure and relief from various physical and mental disorders. Herbal plants were used in traditional system of medicine such as Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, Chinese, and Tibetian medicines. The ancient literature Rigveda, Yajurveda, Atharva veda, Charaka Samhita, and Sushruta Samhita describes the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of various health issues [2]
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