Abstract

The latex of the plant Calotropis procera has been reported to exhibit potent antiinflammatory activity against carrageenin and formalin that are known to release various mediators. In the present study, we have evaluated the efficacy of extracts prepared from the latex of C procera against inflammation induced by histamine, serotonin, compound 48/80, bradykinin (BK), and prostaglandin E2(PGE2) in the rat paw oedema model. The paw oedema was induced by the subplantar injection of various inflammagens and oedema volume was recorded using a plethysmometer. The aqueous and methanol extracts of the dried latex (DL) and standard antiinflammatory drugs were administered orally 1 hour before inducing inflammation. The inhibitory effect of the extracts was also evaluated against cellular influx induced by carrageenin. The antiinflammatory effect of aqueous and methanolic extracts of DL was more pronounced than phenylbutazone (PBZ) against carrageenin while it was comparable to chlorpheniramine and PBZ against histamine and PGE2, respectively. Both extracts produced about 80%, 40%, and 30% inhibition of inflammation induced by BK, compound 48/80, and serotonin. The histological analysis revealed that the extracts were more potent than PBZ in inhibiting cellular infiltration and subcutaneous oedema induced by carrageenin. The extracts of DL exert their antiinflammatory effects mainly by inhibiting histamine and BK and partly by inhibiting PGE2.

Highlights

  • The latex of Calotropis procera (Ait) R Br is well known for its toxic as well as medicinal properties

  • We have evaluated the efficacy of extracts prepared from the latex of C procera against inflammation induced by histamine, serotonin, compound 48/80, bradykinin (BK), and prostaglandin E2(PGE2) in the rat paw oedema model

  • The present study was carried out to characterise the antiinflammatory activity of dried latex (DL) against various inflammatory mediators using pharmacological reagents. Both DL and methanolic extract of DL (MeDL) significantly inhibited carrageenininduced paw oedema while PBZ, CPM, and CPH were not so effective, suggesting thereby that peak inflammatory response induced by carrageenin at 3 hours involves mediators other than biogenic amines

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Summary

Introduction

The latex of Calotropis procera (Ait) R Br is well known for its toxic as well as medicinal properties. Local administration of the latex has been reported to elicit an inflammatory response that is mediated through histamine and prostaglandins [4, 5, 6, 7]. It has been reported to exhibit potent antiinflammatory, analgesic, and weak antipyretic activities when administered orally [9, 10, 11, 12]. The latex is as potent as standard antiinflammatory drug phenylbutazone (PBZ) in inhibiting inflammatory response induced by various inflammagens in acute and chronic models of inflammation [10]. The efficacy of latex of C procera against various inflammatory mediators has not been evaluated

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