Abstract
Rhus verniciflua stokes (RVS) (Anacardiaceae), which contains the major flavonoids fustin, fisetin, and sulfuretin, is known to have anti-inflammatory effects. Using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)—induced RAW264.7 cells, we examined which flavonoids were the most active compounds in the RVS extract. RVS extract dose-dependently reduced the production of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by LPS. Only sulfuretin significantly suppressed IL-6 and ROS levels although the effects were smaller than those provided by the RVS extract at the equivalent concentration (0.25 µg/mL of pure sulfuretin and 100 µg/mL of RVS extract). Other flavonoids such as fisetin and fustin did not show anti-inflammatory effects at the levels typically contained in the RVS extract. Taken together, sulfuretin was postulated to be the major anti-inflammatory flavonoid in RVS extract.
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