Abstract
Cembrane-type diterpenoids are among the most frequently encountered natural products from the soft corals of the genus Lobophytum. In the course of our investigation to identify anti-inflammatory constituents from a wild-type soft coral Lobophytum crassum, two new cembranoids, lobophyolide A (1) and B (2), along with five known compounds (3–7), were isolated. The structures of these natural products were identified using NMR and MS spectroscopic analyses. Compound 1 was found to possess the first identified α-epoxylactone group among all cembrane-type diterpenoids. The in vitro anti-inflammatory effect of compounds 1–5 was evaluated. The results showed that compounds 1–5 not only reduced IL-12 release, but also attenuated NO production in LPS-activated dendritic cells. Our data indicated that the isolated series of cembrane-type diterpenoids demonstrated interesting structural features and anti-inflammatory activity which could be further developed into therapeutic entities.
Highlights
Soft corals, which belong to the order Alcyonacea, are a group of corals missing a calcium carbonate skeleton
Compound demonstrated a unique α-epoxylactone group which has never been found been found as a side ring of cembrane-type diterpenoids
Excluding the four themain maincembranoid cembranoidstructure, structure, additional three unsaturated degrees were attributed to an unsaturated ring system supported by the observation of unsaturated degrees were attributed to an unsaturated ring system supported by the observation of a unique α-epoxylactone chemical shift pattern from the 13C NMR spectra (Table 1) [85]
Summary
Soft corals, which belong to the order Alcyonacea, are a group of corals missing a calcium carbonate skeleton. The soft corals of genus Lobophytum have been studied for decades since the first compound, lobophytolide, a cembrane-type diterpenoid, was identified from Lobophytum cristagalli [2]. 14a wide structural diversity [82] This class of compounds possesses a three-methyl substituted memberd ring this isopropyl moiety cancan be be replaced with. NO reduction [12,23] These compounds showed potent antiviral [31,49] and and anti-bacterial activities [40,43], as well as brine shrimp [45] and fish toxicity [45]. Compound demonstrated a unique α-epoxylactone group which has never been found been found as a side ring of cembrane-type diterpenoids. LPS-induced interleukin 12 (IL-12) release and nitric oxide (NO) production in dendritic cells
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