Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Dehydrated Potato-Derived Bioactive Compounds in Intestinal Cells.

Manuela Giovanna Basilicata,Stefania Marzocco,Giuseppina Autore,Pietro Campiglia,Giacomo Pepe,Fabrizio Merciai,Michele Manfra,Daniela De Vita,Veronica Di Sarno,Carmine Ostacolo,Shara Francesca Rapa

doi:10.3390/ijms20236087

Abstract

Inflammation and oxidative stress are always more recognized as responsible for chronic disease at the intestinal level. Currently, a growing interest is addressed to the discovery of diet-derived products which have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This work aims to characterize the pharmacological potential of dehydrated potatoes. For this purpose, a simulated gastrointestinal digestion was carried out. The bioaccessible peptides were fractionated on the basis of their molecular weight and tested on intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) under oxidative and inflammatory conditions. Our results demonstrate that the tested peptide fractions were able to significantly inhibit tumor necrosis factor-α release and cycloxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression. The tested peptides also showed significant antioxidant activity, being able to both reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, also from mitochondria, and nitrotyrosine formation, and increase the antioxidant response by heme oxygenase-1 and superoxide dismutase expression. Moreover, the peptide fractions were able to significantly increase the wound repair in IEC-6. The obtained results indicate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of dehydrated potatoes at the intestinal level.

Highlights

Inflammation and oxidative stress play a pivotal role in many chronic diseases, affecting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract [1]
Peptide fractions of intestinal digesta were monitored by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) (Figure 1)
Peptides of Dehydrated Chips Reduced Cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2) and Inducible Nitric Oxide SynthaserEdxeprretsosiaonnainlyLzPeSth+eIFaNn-tSi-tiimnflualamtedmIaEtCo-r6y potential of the tested peptides, we evaluated the expression of enzymes mainly involved in inflammatory reactions, such as COX-2 and iNOS, by the cyteoxflpureIonsrsiiomorndeteorrficetontezacynhmanleyisqzumeeat.hinOelyuanirntriv-eiosnluvflleatdsmsimnhaointwoflreaydmptmohtaaettnottrhiyarlreeeoaffcrttaihocentistoe, nsstusecd(h1p–a1es0pCtμiOdgXe/sm,2Lwa)neidneivhNaiblOuitSae,tdebdyCttOhheeX-2 cytofluorimetric technique

Summary

Introduction

Inflammation and oxidative stress play a pivotal role in many chronic diseases, affecting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract [1]. The main characteristic of the inflammatory cascade begins by infiltration of inflammatory cells into the mucosa and release of proinflammatory mediators such as cytokines, proinflammatory enzymes, chemokines, increased expression of adhesion molecules, and release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [2,3]. ROS production is a key event in the progression of many inflammatory disorders, including those involving the GI tract. Excessive production of ROS results in a persistent oxidative stress condition, which causes tissue damage [7]. ROS production by these cells can create a hypoxic niche due to oxygen consumption, which may aid in the resolution of inflammation [9]. Deregulation of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, with increased mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) levels, was observed in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients and decreasing mtROS ameliorated colitis [10]

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