Anti-inflammatory activity of Xanthium indicum on carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats

Abstract

The present study was aimed to evaluate the antiphlogistic activity of Xanthium indicum methanolic extract in carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats as an acute inflammatory model. Plant extract was analyzed for phytochemical screening of different phytoconstituents. 36 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups. Paw edema was induced with 1.5% carrageenan to all the groups except normal. Ibuprofen was used as a standard drug and Xanthium indicum 100, 300, 500 mg/kg dose with carrageenan was administered in the paw. Paw thickness was measured at 0, 1, 2, and 4 h. Inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress were measured in paw tissue homogenate. Paw thickness was increased from 1 to 4 h and the Xanthium indicum treated group shows a decrease in paw thickness. SOD and GSH content were decreased and the MDA level increased in the carrageenan injected group, however, treatment groups show reverse effects also we found that increase in cytokine levels in the carrageenan group and decrease in the treatment group. From this study, we conclude that Xanthium indicum has anti-inflammatory activity by reducing paw inflammation as well as oxidative stress and cytokine in paw tissue homogenate.