Abstract

Hygrophila spinosa T. Anders (Acanthaceae) is traditionally used in Indian medicine for the treatment of microbial infections, liver diseases, cancer, inflammation, rheumatism, diabetes, pain, fever etc. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of chloroform and alcoholic extracts of the leaves of H. spinosa in chronic inflammation models in rats as our previous study revealed that these two extracts had anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan induced paw oedema model. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by cotton pellet-induced granuloma and Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Antioxidant activity of the extracts was revealed by their scavenging activity of the stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical and a flavonoid compound (apigenin) was also isolated and characterized from the alcoholic extract of the plant. Chloroform and alcoholic extracts showed anti-inflammatory activity both in cotton pellet-induced granuloma and Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis in a dose dependent manner. The decrease in body weight due to injection of CFA was improved significantly by the above two extracts also. Both the extracts also exhibited antioxidant activity. The results demonstrated that H. spinosa has anti-inflammatory activity in chronic models of inflammation which support the traditional use of H. spinosa in the treatment of rheumatism.

Highlights

  • The decrease in granuloma weight indicated the anti-inflammatory activity of alcoholic and chloroform extracts of H. spinosa in the treatment related to various types of inflammatory disorders. 3.2 Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis

  • We found a dosedependent inhibition of granuloma formation by chloroform and alcoholic extracts of H. spinosa leaf which reflected its efficacy to inhibit the proliferative phase of the inflammation process, i.e. increase in the number of fibroblasts and synthesis of collagen and mucopolysaccharides during granuloma tissue formation (Arrigoni-Martellie, 1977)

  • It was found that the alcoholic and chloroform extracts showed significant antiarthritic effect evidenced by increase in body weight and decreased oedema

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Summary

Introduction

Anders (Acanthaceae) commonly known as ‘Talmakhana’ in. Hindi is found in water-logged areas throughout India, contains a number of phytoconstituents viz. In our earlier studies we have reported the other constituents, traditional uses, pharmacological activities of the plant (Patra et al, 2009a); various groups of phytoconstituents in petroleum ether, chloroform, alcoholic and aqueous extracts of the leaves of the plant (Patra et al, 2009b) and few pharmacological studies of the above extracts (Patra et al, 2008, 2009c). The aim of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of chloroform and aqueous extracts of the leaves of H. spinosa in chronic inflammation models in rats

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