Antihypertensive activity of Moringa oleifera seeds hydroalcoholic extract on high sodium diet-induced hypertension in Wistar Rat

Abstract

Our objective was to study the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of M. oleifera seeds on high blood pressure in Wistar rat. After 21 days of a high sodium diet, the value of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure increased from 87. 2 ± 1.96 / 58 ± 0.89 mm to 200.8 ± 0.49 /151.2 ± 1.2 mm Hg (p < 0.05). Administered orally, the extract reduces the high blood pressure of hypertensive rats. It returns to its normal value after 19 days for the control batch, versus 9, 6, and 3 days for the animals treated with the extract at doses 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg (P < 0.05). The extract also has a diuretic activity; the 24 h urinary volume increases from 4.8 ± 0.14 ml in control group, versus 6.85 ± 0.1, 8.3 ± 0.13 and 10.7 ± 0.5 ml in groups treated with the extract at doses 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg (p < 0.05), while natriuresis increases from 2.06 ± 0.05 mEq/L in control group, versus 2.92 ± 0.05; 6.82 ± 0.11 and 10.73 ± 0.17 mEq/L in animals treated with the extract at doses 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg (p < 0.05). In vitro, it relaxes the isolated aorta contracted with norepinephrine at the concentration of 10-5 M in the bath, with EC50 equal to 2.06 mg/ml (p < 0.05). These results show that the hydroalcoholic extract of M. oleifera seeds has antihypertensive activity through its diuretic and vasodilator effects.