Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to elucidate the antisecretory mechanism of the root bark aqueous extract of Diospyros mespiliformis (RBAEDM) in Wistar rats. Materials and methods. RBAEDM was tested on three experimental animal models of gastric acid hypersecretion including pyloric ligation (PL), PL with histamine, and carbachol pretreatments. The ulcerated surface, mucus mass, pH, gastric acidity, and pepsin activity were determined. Some bioactive compounds revealed by qualitative phytochemistry were quantified. Some markers of oxidative stress in vivo such as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), and in vitro antioxidant tests (ABTS: 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, DPPH: 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, and FRAP: ferric reducing antioxidant power) were determined. Results In the three models studied, RBAEDM resulted in increases in the percentages of inhibition ranging from 9.50 to 59.52% of gastric ulcer and mucus mass. This increase was accompanied by the reduction in acidity and pepsin activity. The administration of RBAEDM resulted in a significant decrease (p < 0.05, p < 0.01) in MDA levels correlated with a significant increase (p < 0.05, p < 0.01) in CAT and nitrite levels compared with the negative control. RBAEDM has the ability to scavenge ABTS and DPPH radicals and to reduce FRAP, and the inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50) of the ABTS radical was 220 μg/mL compared with the butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) control (175 μg/mL). Quantitative phytochemistry revealed abundant polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and anthocyanin. Conclusion RBAEDM protected gastric mucous membrane for gastric acid by mechanisms that would involve both anticholinergic and antihistaminergic pathways.
Highlights
Stress, whether psychological, physical, or physiological, is a highly plausible factor in the development of ulcer disease and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality [1, 2]
Its antisecretory activity had not yet been studied; the objective of this work was to determine the antisecretory activity and mechanism of action of root bark aqueous extract of Diospyros mespiliformis (RBAEDM) against gastric ulcers induced by pyloric ligation in rats
Plant Material. e mature adult plants were collected in the forest. e mature root bark of Diospyros mespiliformis depth at 10 cm was harvested in the Mokolo locality, Far North of Cameroon (N10°44′12.93072′′; E13°47′3.74784′′; latitude: 10.73693). e plant was authenticated at the Herbarium Faun School of Garoua in comparison with the existing specimen (No HEFG/01404)
Summary
Whether psychological, physical, or physiological, is a highly plausible factor in the development of ulcer disease and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality [1, 2]. Psychological distress is generally correlated with the genesis of gastric ulcers and affects all individuals regardless of their status [2, 3]. Stress induces ulcers through several pathophysiological mechanisms including gastric acid secretion by stimulation of the vagus nerve and ischaemia resulting from hypersecretion of catecholamines [4, 5]. Vagus nerve stimulation leads to gastric acid secretion, which activates pepsin and produces free radicals such as the superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals. Hypersecretion of catecholamines resulting from the activation of the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary axis. The body possesses its own means of defense such as mucus and bicarbonate secretion, increased activity of antioxidant enzymes, and nitrogen monoxide (NO) synthesis
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
