Antigenotoxic Effect of Curcumin and Carvacrol against Parathion Induced DNA Damage in Cultured Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes and Its Relation to GSTM1 and GSTT1 Polymorphism

Neeraj Kumar,Sachin Gulati,Anita Yadav,Ranjan Gupta,Kanupriya Kanupriya,Neeraj Aggarwal

doi:10.1155/2014/404236

Abstract

In recent years, the use of organophosphorus pesticides has been extensively increased and these compounds signify a major class of agricultural pesticides today. We studied antigenotoxic potential of curcumin and carvacrol against the parathion induced DNA damage in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes using sister chromatid exchanges as a biomarker of genotoxicity. Heparinised fresh blood from healthy individuals was treated with 2.5 μg/mL concentration of parathion in presence of curcumin and carvacrol in order to observe the antigenotoxic potential of both curcumin and carvacrol. Significant reduction (P < 0.05) was observed in the frequencies of SCEs in presence of 10 μg/mL and 15 μg/mL concentrations of curcumin as compared to parathion exposed sample. Similarly carvacrol had significant (P < 0.05) antigenotoxic effect at the concentrations of 2.5 μg/mL and 5.0 μg/mL against the parathion. We also studied the effect of GSTT1 and GSTM1 on genotoxicity of parathion and antigenotoxic potential of curcumin and carvacrol. We did not observe any significant effect (P > 0.05) of GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphism on genotoxicity of parathion and antigenotoxic potential of curcumin and carvacrol.

Highlights

Pesticides are ubiquitous contaminants of our environment and are extensively used all over the world
In our study we investigated the protective role of curcumin and carvacrol against the DNA damage caused by parathion in cultured human peripheral blood using sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) as a biomarker of DNA damage
We studied the protective effects of curcumin and carvacrol against parathion induced genotoxicity in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes

Summary

Introduction

Pesticides are ubiquitous contaminants of our environment and are extensively used all over the world. They include a vast diversity of substances used to kill, destroy, or repel unwanted living organisms. Parathion is one of the most commonly used organophosphorus insecticides. It has been used for bean, corn, sorghum, and tobacco crops to eliminate the green flies, harvest bugs, and other insects. It hinders the enzyme cholinesterase, responsible for hydrolyzing the acetylcholine to choline at the axon-terminals [1]. Parathion has been reported to induce testicular damage in male rats [4]

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