Antifungals therapeutic failure: Causes beyond steroid abuse

Abstract

Abstract Severity of fungal infection can range from asymptomatic- mild mucocutaneous infections to potentially life threatening systemic disease. Socioeconomic and geoecologic characteristics and increasing number of at risk population are the main determinants of variation in incidence & prevalence of fungal infections. A variety of antifungal drugs are available, but the emerging issue of resistance is of paramount importance. Major factors implicated in Antifungal therapeutic failures and rising incidence of recurrent & relapse include overcrowding, poor hygienic condition, hot & humid climate, self medication, inappropriate and incomplete treatment, undiagnosed uncontrolled diabetes, malnutrition and obviously the issue of rampant steroid abuse. Keywords: Azoles, Anti fungal. Introduction Nearly a billion people have been estimated to have fungal infection of skin, nail, and hair and many 100’s of millions have mucosal candidiasis and more than 150 million.[1] people have serious fungal disease which have major impact on their lives, and can even be fatal. Severity of fungal infection can range from asymptomatic- mild mucocutaneous infections to potentially life threatening systemic disease. Socioeconomic and geoecologic characteristics and increasing number of at risk population are the main determinants of variation in incidence & prevalence of fungal infections. A variety of antifungal drugs are available, but the emerging issue of resistance is of paramount importance. Major factors implicated in Antifungal therapeutic failures and rising incidence of recurrent & relapse include overcrowding, poor hygienic condition, hot & humid climate, self medication, inappropriate and incomplete treatment, undiagnosed uncontrolled diabetes, malnutrition and obviously the issue of rampant steroid abuse. The evolution of drug resistance is an ubiquitous process, where microorganisms try to adapt and compete to survive the environmental stress. Variati