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Abstract
In this study, potential antifungal properties of a brown alga Fucus vesiculosus were evaluated. The algal extract was obtained with the use of supercritical fluid extraction (scCO2) at a temperature of 50 °C under a pressure of 300 bar. The aqueous solution of the extract at the concentration of 0.05%, 0.2%, 0.5% and 1.0% was studied against pathogenic fungi on a liquid RB medium. This study is the first report on antifungal properties of the brown algae F. vesiculosus scCO2 extract against Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium oxysporum phytopathogens. The concentrations of the studied extract (0.5% and 1.0%) were demonstrated to have an ability to inhibit 100% growth of macroconidia within 144 h, as well as an ability to cause their total degradation. As a result of the study, the antifungal effect of fucosterol against F. culmorum was also indicated. The total macroconidia growth was inhibited by 1.0% fucosterol. Moreover, at lower concentrations (0.05–0.2%) of fucosterol, macroconidia were characterized by shorter length and structural degradation was observed. The mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum (Fo38) by 1% scCO2 F. vesiculosus extract was analyzed at the level of 48% after 168 h of incubation, whereas 100% extract was found to be effective in F. culmorum (CBS122) and F. oxysporum (Fo38) growth inhibition by 72% and 75%, respectively after 168 h of incubation.
Highlights
Crops are exposed to diseases caused by pests and microorganisms during growth and, after harvest
Polyphagous fungi of the Fusarium genus, especially those belonging to the species of Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium oxysporum [5,6], are dangerous for plants and human
The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of the scCO2 Fucus vesiculosus extract to inhibit the germination of macroconidia and limit the mycelial growth of Fusarium phytopathogens
Summary
Crops are exposed to diseases caused by pests and microorganisms during growth and, after harvest. They are responsible for various types of fusarioses, including fusary wilting, snow mold, whitening of ears in field crops and greenhouse plants’ monocots (mainly Poaceae) and dicotyledons (including Solanaceae) [7]. These fungi synthesize toxins from the group of sesquiterpenes, such as deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin), nivalenol and zearalenone, which cause a variety of multiorgan diseases and have a carcinogenic effect on humans during an intake of infected plants [5,8,9,10]
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