Abstract
Composite fibers and films based on cellulose and betulin were spun for the first time from solutions in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide using the dry–wet jet method. The rheological properties of the composite solutions did not reveal any fundamental difference from those of the cellulose solutions. Introduction of betulin into the cellulose matrix (up to 10%) led to a decrease in the mechanical properties of the obtained fibers. The structure of the composite fibers was analyzed using SEM and X-ray diffraction methods. It was shown that the introduction of an additive into the cellulose matrix led to a decrease in the structural ordering of the cellulose. Comparative studies of the antibacterial activity of the composite films on Escherichia coli (E. coli) were carried out. The antifungal activity of the composite films was estimated using the strain of the O-97 Trichoderma viride Pers ex Fr (Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, Moscow, Russia).
Highlights
Over the past decade, because of a number of political and natural cataclysms, the migration of people from Asia and Africa to Europe has grown dramatically
Eighteen percent filled cellulose solutions in NMMO with betulin were prepared using a solid-phase activation method, where the cellulose–additive–solvent system was previously activated by mechanical action according to procedure [22] and converted to a viscous state by heating to a temperature of 120 ◦ C
In order to determine the effect of the additive on the rheological behavior of cellulose solutions, the properties of 18% cellulose and betulin-filled solutions in NMMO were studied (Figure 4)
Summary
Because of a number of political and natural cataclysms, the migration of people from Asia and Africa to Europe has grown dramatically. Arriving people cause new threats in the field of biological and medical security. Migrants are potential vectors of new diseases, microbes, bacteria, and fungi, including phytopathogenic ones. Dissemination of spores, mycelium, sclerotia of parasitic fungi can occur through the movement of seeds (food and planting material), houseplants, agricultural products, remnants of materials and soils on clothes, shoes, etc.
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