Antifungal and repellent activities of the essential oils from three aromatic herbs from western Himalaya

Iris Stappen,Vijay K. Kaul,Jürgen Wanner,Nurhayat Tabanca,Brij Lal,Vikas Jaitak,Erich Schmidt,Abbas Ali,David E. Wedge,Leopold Jirovetz

doi:10.1515/chem-2018-0028

Abstract

Abstract In this investigation we examined the essential oils of three aromatic plants, Zanthoxylum armatum, Juniperus communis, and Dysphania ambrosioides, which are used by the local population of the western Himalayan region for medicinal purposes. These plants were studied for their antifungal, larvicidal and biting deterrent activities. Additionally, chemical compositions of the oils were determined by GC-MS and their odor evaluated. The main compounds were 2-undecanone (47.7%) and 1,8-cineol (20.5%) from Z. armatum and α-pinene (43.2%) and limonene (34.7%) from J. communis. p-Cymene (36.3%) and ascardiole (31.2%) were found as the main components of D. ambrosioides essential oil. Antifungal activity was evaluated against three Colletotrichum species. Dyspania ambrosioides oil showed the best activity against these strawberry anthracnose causing fungi. It also demonstrated biting deterrent activity against Aedes aegypti similar to DEET as positive control, whereas Z. armatum and J. communis were less effective against Colletotrichum and mosquitoes.

Highlights

Neuroenhancement? are used by the local population of the western Himalayan region for medicinal purposes
In the present manuscript we focused on the essential oils of three herbs: Zanthoxylum armatum DC. (Syn.: Zanthoxylum bungeanum DC., Rutaceae) is an erect, thorny shrub or small tree that grows in the hot valleys of subtropical Himalaya from Jammu to Butan ascending to 2,200 m of altitude
A total of 59 compounds, accounting for 96.8%, were identified for Z. armatum oil. It possessed a high amount of 2-undecanone (47.7%) and 1,8-cineol (20.5%) followed by α-pinene (6.0%) and 2-tridecanone (4.7%) (Table 1). This is in accordance with the literature on Z. armatum leaf essential oil from India [28]

Summary

Introduction

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Conclusion