Abstract
The study was aimed to determine the antifungal activity of garlic on some selected fungi. Garlic samples were purchased from Dutsinma central market, Katsina state. The samples were washed, separated and peeled to obtain the edible portion. The fungi were isolated using the culture method and identified based on morphological characteristics. The extract was prepared using two solvents (aqueous and ethanol) by soaking method. The antifungal activity of aqueous and ethanolic garlic extract was determined on some selected fungi namely, Fusarium spp and Rhizopus spp. From the results it is clear that, ethanol extract showed more activity when compare to aqueous extract. The diameter of zones of inhibition for the ethanolic extract ranged between 4.1-14.3mm, while that of aqueous extract ranged between 2.4-10.4mm. The MIC for the ethanolic extract was 2.5mg/ml and 5.0mg/ml for Fusarium spp and Rhizopus spp respectively. While for aqueous extract there was no effect on both tested organisms. It can be concluded from this study that garlic extract showed antifungal activity against the test organism. Moreover, the ethanolic extract showed inhibitory activity among the tested fungi.
Highlights
The medicinal and antimicrobial activities of extracts from plants are gaining attention of researchers worldwide
The results of antifungal activity obtained showed that the ethanolic plant extracts has no effect on all the test organisms at 1.5 mg/ml
While at 2.5 mg/ml, 5.0 mg/ml, 10.0 mg/ml and 20.0 mg/ml, the plant extracts showed inhibition zones of 4.1, 6.2, 10.1 and 14.3 respectively for Fusarium spp. in which 20 mg/ml showed the highest zones of inhibition with inhibition of 14.3 mm for Fusarium spp and 12.2 mm for Rhizopus spp., for the control, there was no effect as presented in table 1
Summary
The medicinal and antimicrobial activities of extracts from plants are gaining attention of researchers worldwide. The modern medicine has its own advantages and side effects, so the plant based products are getting more popularity, as they are safe to use, and comparatively available and cheap. Apart from the use of plant based products in medicine, the usage of these extracts in plant protection becoming popular throughout the world [3, 4]. Being an important food spice plant, it has significant role in disease prevention and control, many of the diseases can be cured with garlic [7]. It has been used since long time against human pathogens. Some earlier works [8,9,10,11,12] deals with the action of garlic against pathogens
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