Antifouling zwitterionic pSBMA‐MSN particles for biomedical applications

Abstract

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are one of the most promising nanocarriers in biomedicine. Nonetheless, surface modification has been pointed out as a condition necessary for drug delivery applications, where stability and biocompatibility are extremely important for the vehicle performance. Likewise, zwitterionic polymers are outstanding candidates in biological fields, where poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (pSBMA) has been widely studied. These polymers, known as antifouling materials, are able to render a surface capacity to avoid protein adhesion. In this work, a core‐shell nanocarrier was created, where pSBMA was covalently grafted by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) onto a previously functionalized MSN surface. Brush morphologies with different chain lengths ( , between 6500 and 32 300) and graft densities (σpSBMA, between 0.15 and 0.51 molecules of pSBMA per nm2 of MSN) were obtained. Protein adhesion resistance was evaluated with two proteins: fibronectin (FN) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The best nanocarrier synthesized allowed a reduction of 96% of FN and 76% of BSA adhesion (compared with an adsorption of 100% assigned to the native material). Since the influence of the brush morphology is seldom studied or reported, this work aims to comprehend how the configuration of the polymer brushes affected their antifouling capacity, in order to use this pSBMA‐MSN product for biomedical applications, notably as a possible drug delivery nanocarrier. Future work will analyze the solution behavior of the zwitterionic brushes to evaluate variations of temperature and pH values as possible mechanisms of delivery.