Abstract
Antifouling based on biocides is the most important method preventing biofoulings in modern maritime industries and boating communities. Most antifouling paints, such as the famous but already banned organotin containing self-polishing coatings, belong to this category. Decades of development of the technology has resulted in a variety of biocides, organic matrixes, and paint systems. However, with increasing environmental concerns, the most challenging for these coatings is preventing fouling settlement effectively and meanwhile fulfilling regulations imposed by the International Marine Organization (IMO) to stop environmental damages. More and more efforts, including developing nontoxic or green biocides, new organic matrixes and advanced embedding and encapsulating technologies, and learning from nature, have been addressing the challenge. This chapter seeks to combine all these topics: the biocides from toxic to green, the organic matrix and paint system, the antifouling effects and the environmental impacts, and to draw a developing trend map for biofouling based on biocides.
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