Antifeedant properties of fractionation Lantana camara leaf extract on cabbage caterpillars (Crocidolomia pavonana fabricius) larvae

Abstract

Lantana camara is known as a noxious weed but it has the potential for pest control. Currently, the insect pest of cabbage (Crocidolomia pavonana) larvae reported has been resistant to certain synthetic insecticides. The fractionation L. camara leaf extract has been extensively studied to find out the phytochemical active constituents and bioactivity on C. Pavonana larvae. The antifeedant active fraction and the minimum effective concentration were investigated. The fractionation using polar (ethanol), semipolar (ethyl acetate), and nonpolar (n-hexane) solvents were tested on 4th instar of C. Pavonana larvae. Experimentally choice and no-choice antifeedant tested was carried out with 7 concentration levels: 0 ppm (control) and 500-5000 ppm (treatments) exposed 24 hours with 4 replications. The parameters were mean leaf areas consumed and analyzed using Mann-Whitney U non-parametric. The results were showed that ethyl acetate fraction was an active antifeedant fraction on the 3rdinstar larvae of C. pavonana, the minimum effective concentration was 1000 ppm in both of antifeedant test, and the ethyl acetate fraction at 1000-5000 ppm was considered in good deterrents category. The phytochemical constituents of ethyl acetate fraction including alkaloids, saponins, and steroids that potentially as antifeedant against the 4th instar larvae of C. pavonana.