Abstract
Background: Vomiting and nausea are common symptoms associated with many diseased conditions. They also occur as side effects due to intake of certain medications. Natural remedies are nowadays being considered as a better alternate compared to allopathic medicine.
 Aim: The current study was designed to evaluate the antiemetic effect of hexane and ethanolic extracts of Trapa bispinosa Roxb fruit.
 Methodology: The study was conducted on young chicks aged 6-7 days using Copper sulfate (50 mg/kg) for the induction of emesis using oral route. Antiemetic effect was determined by observing the reduction in the number of retches in different groups of chicks. Metoclopramide and Chlorpromazine (150 mg/kg) were used as standard antiemetic agents. Chicks were treated with both extracts (ethanolic and hexane) at the dose of 150 mg/kg.
 Results: Hexane extract was found to be most effective when compared with all the groups. The results showed that T.bispinos Roxb. hexane extract was able to effectively prevent the copper sulfate induced emesis in chicks. Phytochemical analysis was also performed and it was predicted that the antiemetic effect of hexane extract might be due to the presence of alkaloids and triterpenoids.
 Conclusion: The positive effects obtained from this study showed that natural remedy might also be used as an alternate to allopathic medicine for nausea and vomiting.
Highlights
Human bodies undergo substantial changes throughout life due to hormonal and mechanical effects
In the past no study has been conducted to evaluate the anti-emetic activity of Trapa bispinosa Roxb. so the current study focuses on assessing the anti-emetic potential of hexane and ethanolic extract of water chest nut
When Standard I (Metoclopramide) was compared with Standard II and both the treated groups it was found that Metoclopramide significantly reduced (p ≤0.05) the number of retching (95.1%) inhibition as compared to Chlorpromazine (79.2%) inhibition and ethanolic extract of trapa fruit (87.8%)
Summary
Human bodies undergo substantial changes throughout life due to hormonal and mechanical effects. These changes lead to variety of symptoms and illness. Emesis is the expulsion of gastric and small contents of intestine from the mouth. It is a manifestation of large number of conditions like gastritis, food poisoning, overexposure to radiations, side effects of medicines like opioids and chemotherapy etc. Vomiting and nausea are common symptoms associated with many diseased conditions. They occur as side effects due to intake of certain medications.
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