Abstract
Purpose: The present study was undertaken in order to evaluate the antidiarrhoeal activity of three chromatographic fractions (L, S and Y) of Stereospermum kunthianum stem bark in mice. Methods: Vacuum liquid/column chromatography (VLC/ CC) were used to obtain three fractions (L,S and Y) of Stereospermum kunthianum stem bark fractions. The antidiarrhoeal activities of these fractions at doses ranging from 100 – 400 mg/kg were evaluated in diarrhoea episodes induced by castor oil in mice. The controls were given distilled water (10 ml/kg) while 10 mg/kg of morphine was used as the reference drug (positive control). Results: Pretreatment of mice with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of fraction L significantly (p number of stools as well as the total weight of wet and total weight of stools, compared to the distilled water-treated mice. Fraction Y at the three doses significantly delayed the onset of diarrhoea in the treated mice. Conclusion: Vacuum liquid/column chromatography (VLC/CC) derived fractions L, S and Y of Stereospermum kunthianum possessed antidiarrhoeal activity but to varying degrees. This study lends further credence to the ethnomedicinal use of the plant for the treatment of diarrhoea. Keywords: Antidiarrhoeal activity, chromatographic fractions, Stereospermum kunthianum, stools
Highlights
Diarrhoea is a public health problem in developing countries
We recently reported the antidiarrhoeal activity of the aqueous extract of its stem bark in in-vivo experimentallyinduced diarrhoeal models using mice and rats [5]
We report the antidiarrhoeal activity of the vacuum liquid/column chromatographic fractions of S. kunthianum stem bark
Summary
Diarrhoea is a public health problem in developing countries. Acute diarrhoea is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality amongst children in developing countries [1]. Many rural dwellers in the world depend largely on medicinal herbs for the treatment of diarrhoeal conditions because these herbs are readily available, affordable and are an indispensable component of traditional medicine practice. The existing antidiarrhoeal drugs are either not available or are not affordable by many rural dwellers. Stereospermum kunthianum,Cham, Sandrine Petit (Bignoniaceae) is known as sansami and golombi amongst the Hausas and Kanuris of northern Nigeria, respectively, umana amongst the Tivs of the Middle Belt of Nigeria, ayada amongst the Yorubas of southwest Nigeria, and alakiriti amongst the Igbos of southeast Nigeria. The plant is found in several countries in Africa
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