Abstract
Background Globally in 2019, diarrhea was the second leading cause of mortality in children, accounting for more than half a million under-five deaths yearly. Several societies use Coffea arabica Linn for the treatment of diarrhea. However, its use is not scientifically validated. Objective The study was conducted to evaluate antidiarrheal activity of 80% methanol extract and solvent fractions of roasted seed of Coffea arabica Linn in mice. Methods Coffea arabica Linn seed was roasted, milled, extracted, and fractionated using hexane, ethyl acetate, and distilled water. Castor oil-induced diarrhea, enteropooling, and motility tests were conducted. Effects on onset, number of feces, weight of feces, fluid content, volume and weight of intestinal content, and motility were evaluated by administering 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg of each extract. Negative controls received 10 ml/kg of the vehicle, and positive controls received either loperamide (3 mg/kg) or atropine (1 mg/kg). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. Results Ethyl acetate fraction at all tested doses significantly prolonged (p < 0.05) onset of diarrhea. The number and weight of feces were also reduced significantly by crude extract and ethyl acetate fraction. Reduction in fluid content was observed at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of the crude extract (p < 0.01) and aqueous fraction (p < 0.001) as well as all tested doses of ethyl acetate fraction (p < 0.001). Similarly, the crude extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and aqueous fraction showed a significant reduction in the volume and weight of intestinal content. At 400 mg/kg, the crude extract, hexane fraction, aqueous fraction, and all doses of ethyl acetate fraction showed significant antimotility activity. Conclusion The results of this study revealed that the roasted seed of Coffea arabica Linn has antidiarrheal activity.
Highlights
In 2019, diarrhea was the second leading cause of mortality in children, accounting for more than half a million under-five deaths yearly
Conclusion. e results of this study revealed that the roasted seed of Coffea arabica Linn has antidiarrheal activity
After getting permission from the owner of the farmland, a sufficient amount of the fruits of Coffea arabica Linn was collected in February 2020 around Teda Town, near Gondar city, Northwest of Ethiopia. e use of the seed of the plant in the present study complies with the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Policy Statement on Research Involving Species, which are endangered and at risk of extinction. e plant was authenticated by Dr Getnet Chekole, Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Science, University of Gondar, and the specimen was deposited at National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
Summary
In 2019, diarrhea was the second leading cause of mortality in children, accounting for more than half a million under-five deaths yearly. E study was conducted to evaluate antidiarrheal activity of 80% methanol extract and solvent fractions of roasted seed of Coffea arabica Linn in mice. Coffea arabica Linn seed was roasted, milled, extracted, and fractionated using hexane, ethyl acetate, and distilled water. Ethyl acetate fraction at all tested doses significantly prolonged (p < 0.05) onset of diarrhea. Reduction in fluid content was observed at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of the crude extract (p < 0.01) and aqueous fraction (p < 0.001) as well as all tested doses of ethyl acetate fraction (p < 0.001). The crude extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and aqueous fraction showed a significant reduction in the volume and weight of intestinal content. E results of this study revealed that the roasted seed of Coffea arabica Linn has antidiarrheal activity Conclusion. e results of this study revealed that the roasted seed of Coffea arabica Linn has antidiarrheal activity
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