Abstract
This study validates the antidiabetic efficacy of Enantia chlorantha stem bark and the possible therapeutic implications of the co-administration of lisinopril and E. chlorantha in type 2 diabetic rats. E. chlorantha stem bark was extracted by cold maceration. The inhibitory effect of the plant on carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes and its antioxidative potentials were assessed in vitro. The extract exhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities and also showed antioxidative properties in vitro. Administration of the extract normalized fasting hyperglycemia in vivo by showing 47.24 % reduction in blood glucose levels relative to untreated diabetic rats. Co-administration of E. chlorantha and lisinopril restored serum glucose and serum lipid profile levels. E. chlorantha stem bark displayed antidiabetic potentials as compared with a standard antidiabetic drug (metformin). The study also showed that the plant contained some bioactive compounds which we hypothesize might be responsible for the observed activities. Co-administration of the plant with lisinopril conferred no significant therapeutic advantage on the serum glucose level and lipid profile.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins
The results showed that the highest percentage reduction in blood glucose after 15th day of treatment relative to day 0 was observed in the group co-treated with metformin and lisinopril (60.64%)
Result from this study indicates that E. chlorantha stem bark extract is efficacious as an antidiabetic agent in rats and that the efficacy of the extract was not significantly altered when E. chlorantha was co-administered with lisinopril suggesting that combined administration of the plant with lisinopril does not increase its therapeutic indications
Summary
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. It is characterized by hyperglycemia which can result from, the pancreas not producing enough insulin or cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced. Diabetes mellitus can cause long-term complications such as heart disease, stroke and dysfunction and failure of various organs.[1] The three main types of diabetes are type 1, type 2 and gestational diabetes. Both women and men can develop diabetes at any age. The most common lipid pattern in type 2 diabetes consists of hypertriglyceridemia, low High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) and normal plasma levels of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C).[3,4] Type 2 diabetes is one of the primary threats to human health due to its increased prevalence and associated complications
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