Abstract
The leguminous plants Canavalia ensiformis (CE) and Canavalia gladiata (CG) though not eaten frequently but possess some desirable potential but widely used for lowering the glucose level in folkloric medicine. The current research aims for the fractionation of total triterpenoids (TT) and total flavonoid (TF) of ethanolic seed extract of Canavalia species shows significant hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic effect in High-fat diet +Streptozotocin induced rats and to explore the mechanism. Two fractions of Canavalia ensiformis (CE) total triterpenoids (CETT), total flavonoids (CETF) and two fractions of Canavalia gladiata (CG) total triterpenoids (CGTT), total flavonoids (CGTF) were subjected to Phytopharmacognostic study. Glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) was used as a standard drug. The body weight of control group increased significantly from 206 ± 0.98 to 240 ± 0.97 after STZ treated at 21st day diabetic rats showed significant decrease in body weight from 220 ± 0.78 to 168 ± 0.34. HbA1C level was raised in diabetic group 12.2% meanwhile treated groups summarized deceased levels. Elevated level of blood glucose > 386 mg/dl was considered as severe diabetic and further Diabetic induced rats, when treated with these four fractions of extracts, decreased the blood glucose level and serum levels of TC, TG, LDL has also lowered in treated rats than in diabetic rats and increased levels of HDL. The antioxidant indexes SOD, GSH showed decreased levels and LPx, NO levels elevated in diabetic group were also evaluated Histopathological effect of Pancreas of CETT, CETF, CGTT, CGTF has been studied The results obtained from this study showed significant hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant potential. Total four out of two fractions of ethanolic seed extract of Total Terpenoids and total flavonoids of Canavalia ensiformis (CETT, CETF), two fractions of Total Terpenoids and total flavonoids of Canavalia gladiata (CGTT, CGTF) showed significant to lower glucose levels and possess antioxidant potential by enlightening the mechanism behind it. All biochemical parameters and histopathological studies were estimated.
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