Antidiabetic effects of fermented milk contained with Gardenia jasminoides water extracts on streptozotocin‐induced mice

Abstract

Gardenia jasminoides, a kind of flowering plant, possesses numerous bio-activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics and hypoglycemic effects of fermented milk (CFM, GFM1, GFM2,and GFM3) contained with 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% of G. jasminoides water extracts. We demonstrated that GFM3 has the highest total count of lactic acid bacteria, water-holding capacity, and antioxidant activities (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP) among four kinds of fermented milk. In vivo hypoglycemic activity showed that GFM3 notably reduced blood glucose levels, insulin, weight loss rate, food intake, and organ indexes compared with model group. GFM3 could improve the diabetes by reducing the levels of serum TC, TG, LDL-C, and increasing HDL-C content (p < .01). Moreover, it can also increase the levels of hepatic T-SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, hexokinase, and glycogen and decrease MDA content in liver (p < .05 or p < .01). Furthermore, GFM3 stimulated the phosphorylations of p-adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), but an inhibitor of Fatty acid synthase (FAS), p < .01. Overall, GFM3 treatment protected the mice better than CFM, so Gardenia jasminoides water extracts is expected to become a hypoglycemic agent. Practical applications With the increasing awareness of nutrition among consumers, the food processing industry is supplementing existing foods, including natural plants or their extracts, to eventually form functional foods. Our results indicated that novel fermented milk contained with Gardenia jasminoides water extracts has better qualities and activities when compared with traditional fermented milk.