Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the antidiabetic effect of hydro-methanol extract of Prunus cerasus fruit extract.
 Methods: The antidiabetic activity was assessed in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The effect of P. cerasus fruit extract on plasma fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, C-peptide, total protein, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total hemoglobin, reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamins E and C, ceruloplasmin, lipid profile, histology of the pancreas, and expression of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT-4) were determined using standard procedures. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used for phytochemical analysis.
 Results: Alloxan-induced diabetes significantly reduced plasma levels of insulin, C-peptide, total hemoglobin and total protein, and significantly increased FBG and HbA1c levels (p < 0.05). However, after treatment with the extract, changes in the levels of these parameters were significantly and dosedependently reversed (p < 0.05). The extract also increased the levels of GSH, vitamins E and C, and. Alloxan-induced DM significantly increased the levels of triacylglycerols (TGs), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and significantly reduced the level of total cholesterol (TC) at different time points (p < 0.05). However, after treatment, the levels of TG, LDL-C and HDL-C declined but TC level was significantly elevated time- and dose-dependently by the extract (p< 0.05). The extract upregulated the expression of GLUT-4 mRNA in soleus muscle and adipose tissue. LC-MS analysis revealed that the extract contained chlorogenic acid, rutin, diadzin, amygdalin, quercetin and naringenin.
 Conclusion: The results obtained in this study have shown that hydromethanol extract of P. cerasus fruits exhibits remarkable antidiabetic effects.
Highlights
Prunus cerasus belongs to the Rosaceae family and it is locally known as sour cherry
Oxidative stress, cancer, and Diabetes mellitus (DM) [2].The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of extracts of P. cerasus have been attributed to the presence of polyphenols in the plant [3].Metabolic disorders and oxidative stress play key roles in the pathogenesis of DM [4].Type 1DM (TIDM) is due to insulin deficiency, while type 2 DM (T2DM) is caused by insulin resistance
After treatment with extract, fasting blood glucose (FBG) was significantly reduced in the treatment groups, relative to diabetic control group at different time points (p < 0.05).There was no significant difference in FBG between the two treatment groups at day 0 (p > 0.05)
Summary
Prunus cerasus belongs to the Rosaceae family and it is locally known as sour cherry. Studies have shown that plant materials rich in natural antioxidants such as flavonoids and phenolics lower the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), neurodegenerative disorders, oxidative stress, cancer, and Diabetes mellitus (DM) [2].The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of extracts of P. cerasus have been attributed to the presence of polyphenols in the plant [3].Metabolic disorders and oxidative stress play key roles in the pathogenesis of DM [4].Type 1DM (TIDM) is due to insulin deficiency, while type 2 DM (T2DM) is caused by insulin resistance. Studies on the antidiabetic properties of extracts of P. cerasus are scanty. The aim of this study was to investigate the antidiabetic effect of hydro-methanol extract of P. cerasus fruits and its bioactive components
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