Abstract
Abstract Piper betle (L.) cultivars such as Bangla (B), Desawari (D), Kapoori (K), Sanchi (S) and Meetha (M) were designed for the first time to investigate the comparative study on anti-diabetic, anti-thrombin and anticancer activity by an in-vitro assay using different organic solvent extracts. In this study, anti-thrombin activity was determined by thrombin substrate III and thrombin. Among the different extract tested, methanolic extract of Kapoori (KM) showed the maximum thrombin inhibition (80%) with IC50 at 165.5 μ g/ml. In addition, a significant result was obtained from anti-diabetic assay by α -amylase (26.2 μ g/ml) and α -glucosidase (96.8 μ g/ml) enzyme inhibition in KM with respective IC 50 value followed by methanolic extract of Sanchi (SM). Moreover, the cytotoxicity effect was observed in MM cultivar against HeLa cancer cell line using MTT and propidium iodide (PI) live/dead assay with IC50 of 26 μ g/ml at 24 h incubation. Furthermore, methanolic extract of five cultivars was analyzed for the presence of bioactive secondary metabolites by chromatography technique, which revealed the presence of phenol, terpenoid and alkaloid compounds. Additionally, Gas chromatography with Mass spectroscopy (GC–MS) analysis results showed that the potentially bioactive substances like, isoniazid, eugenol and n-hexadecanoic acid was recognized as an anti-thrombin, anti-diabetic and anticancer properties. This study revealed that methanolic extract showed the significant result in Kapoori, Sanchi and Meetha cultivars by in-vitro assays, hence authenticating the traditional claim of the plant.
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