Antidiabetic and Hypolipidemic Properties of Newly Isolated Wild Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Strains in Mature Adipocytes

Abstract

This study investigates the antidiabetic and hypolipidemic potential of newly isolated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strains in mature adipocytes. Differentiated 3T3-L1 cells are treated with 10% cell-free supernatants (CFSs) from four autochthonous (wild) strains (M2.1, C8, C15, and P4) of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei. Glucose consumption, intracellular lipid deposition, lipolysis rates, and some gene expressions related to adipocyte insulin sensitivity are evaluated. The results show that all CFS-treated groups experienced a substantial increase in glucose uptake, indicating a promising potential for countering glucotoxicity and insulin resistance. The different strains had notable differences in metabolic pathway modulation. Generally, the P4 CFS supplementation seems to enhance insulin-dependent glucose inflow, while M2.1, C8, and C15 supernatants stimulate insulin-independent glucose consumption by mature adipocytes. M2.1 CFSs ameliorate the mature adipocyte buffer capacity by enhancing intracellular lipid accumulation and reducing the lipolysis rate—an advantageous therapeutic effect in overweight individuals subjected to substantial obesity-predisposing factors. Notably, C8 and C15 CFSs suppressed the gene expression of crucial adipocyte insulin sensitivity markers, indicating an unfavorable outcome risk with prolonged treatment. Overall, our findings suggest that M2.1 and P4 Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strains may be implemented as nutraceuticals to counteract glucotoxicity and insulin resistance, potentially easing the health status of obese individuals.