Antidiabetic and Cardioprotective effect of Terminalia phillyreifolia (Van Heurck and Mull. Arg.) Gere and Boatwr. bark extract in Experimental animals

Abstract

Objective: Objective of the current study was to evaluate the effect of methanolic extract of Terminalia phillyreifolia (Van Heurck and Müll. Arg.) Gere and Boatwr. (TP) bark in Type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular complications. Methods: Diabetes mellitus was induced in Wistar rats by administration of fructose and streptozotocin (40mg/kg, i.p.). TP bark extract was administered to diabetic animals at doses of 100mg/kg and 300mg/kg for 12 weeks. Glibenclamide (5mg/kg/day, p.o.) was administered as standard treatment. Various biochemical and functional parameters were evaluated at appropriate time intervals. Results: Methanolic extract of TP bark produced statistically significant (p< 0.05) hypoglycemic and antioxidant effect. Treatment with extract resulted in significant reduction in plasma glucose, HbA1C, lipid levels and oxidative stress parameters. TP treated rats demonstrated significantly lower insulin resistance and improved β cell function as compared to untreated diabetic rats. TP treatment resulted in improvement in cardiac and left ventricular hypertrophy as reflected by lower cardiac and left ventricular hypertrophy index. It could successfully improve the levels of cardiac enzyme markers such as LDH and CK-MB levels in a dose dependent manner. TP treatment could also efficiently prevent abnormalities of haemodynamic parameters such as mean blood pressure and heart rate. Conclusion: The results suggest that methanolic extract of TP bark exerted hypoglycemic effect in diabetic rats, comparable to that of standard. TP bark extract treatment was also able to inhibit development of cardiomyopathy in diabetic animals.