Abstract
The antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of the ethyl acetate-soluble extract (MFE) of mulberry fruit (Morus alba L.) were investigated. In vitro, MFE showed potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and radical-scavenging activities against DPPH and superoxide anion radicals. In vivo, MFE could significantly decrease fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycosylated serum protein (GSP), and increase antioxidant enzymatic activities (SOD, CAT, GSH-Px) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the MFE led to the isolation of 25 phenolic compounds, and their structures were identified on the basis of MS and NMR data. All the 25 compounds were isolated from mulberry fruit for the first time. Also, the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity of the phenolics were evaluated. Potent α-glucosidase inhibitory and radical-scavenging activities of these phenolics suggested that they may be partially responsible for the antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of mulberry fruit.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus, which is characterized as a consequence of genetically based predisposition and dietary indiscretion, is a chronic metabolic disease with the highest rates of prevalence and mortality in both developed and developing countries
Prevention of oxidative damage with natural antioxidants and control of postprandial hyperglycemia, by inhibiting digestive enzymes such as a-glucosidase, a main glycosidase hydrolases found on the luminal surface of enterocytes, are two important diabetic prevention strategies
Chemical analysis showed that MFE prepared from mulberry fruit was rich in phenolics and flavonoids (Table 2)
Summary
Diabetes mellitus, which is characterized as a consequence of genetically based predisposition and dietary indiscretion, is a chronic metabolic disease with the highest rates of prevalence and mortality in both developed and developing countries. Bioactivityguided fractionation was used to investigate the phytochemical of mulberry fruit polyphenol-rich extract, and to isolate and identify the bioactive compounds with potent hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities. All of the pure compounds isolated from mulberry fruit were evaluated for their antioxidant activity using the DPPH radicalscavenging and superoxide anion radical-scavenging assay, and inhibitory activity against a-glucosidase.
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