Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Activity of Green Synthesized Starch Nanoparticles: An In Vitro Study

Abstract

This study was aimed to assess the antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of starch nanoparticles (StNPs) synthesized by green synthesis through in vitro model. Several organic solvents were used for the extraction of active compounds from Gymnema sylvestre. The methanolic extract was used for the synthesis of StNPs from dried potato starch. The characterization studies such as GC–MS, FT-IR, SEM, EDS and XRD were performed to analyze the sample. The StNPs were found to be ellipsoidal in nature with the average particle size of 19.8 nm. The StNPs showed highest DPPH radical scavenging activity with 74.41 ± 0.54% at 100 µg/mL concentration. Besides, the IC50 values were found to be 66.69 µg/mL and 61.99 µg/mL for the StNPs and standard (ascorbic acid), respectively. The StNPs showed the highest metal ion chelating activity of 66.71 ± 0.34% at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. The highest reducing power of StNPs was found to be 0.385 ± 0.002 at 100 µg/mL. Moreover, in vitro antidiabetic activity was studied using alpha-amylase inhibition assay and the highest inhibition activity of StNPs was 58.56 ± 0.44% at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. The present study provided preliminary evidence indicated that the StNPs synthesized using methanolic extract of G. sylvestre had potential activity against diabetes.