Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Activity of Canthium parviflorum Extracts in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Address for correspondence Dr. B. C. Koti, Professor and Head, Department of Pharmacology, K. L. E. University’s College of Pharmacy, Vidyanagar, Hubballi-580031, Karnataka, INDIA. Ph no: 09945711281, E-mail: bc_koti@yahoo.com ABSTRACT Background: The leaves of Canthium parviflorum Lam. have been used in folklore medicine for the treatment of diabetes. Objective: To investigate the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effect of ethanolic extract of plant Canthium parviflorum leaves in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Extract was analyzed for the presence of various phytoconstituents like carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, steroids, triterpenoids, glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and phenolic compounds. Streptozotocin (55mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneal) was administered to induce diabetes and hyperlipidemia in adult rats. Extract (100 and 200 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) as standard drug were administered orally for 21 days to evaluate antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activity. Blood glucose, Serum content of total cholesterol, triglycerides, High Density Lipoprotein, Low Density Lipoprotein, and insulin levels were estimated. Carbohydrate and lipid metabolizing enzymes like Glucose-6-phosphatase, Fructose1,6-diphosphatase, Phosphogluco isomerase, Aldolase, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, amylase and lipase level were also measured. Histopathology of pancreas was studied. Results: Experimental data indicated that extract normalized the liver and pancreatic functions in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Conclusion: Extract possesses both antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities in the streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. These findings support the conventional usage of Canthium Parviflorum leaves for the treatment of diabetes.